Tuesday, July 09, 2019

התשובה: מי המציא את הפצפצים? (Hebrew)

mp3

יש כאלה שמדברים על הגלגל או המחשב, אבל אנחנו יודעים את האמת: ההמצאה החשובה בתולדות האנושות היא הניילון פצפצים. איך זה התחיל, מי הגאון שחשב על זה, ולמה בעצם זה כל כך כיף?


The IBM 1401 is computer that was announced by IBM on October 5, 1959. The 1401 is considered to be the Model-T Ford of the computer industry, because it was mass-produced and because of its sales volume. Over 12,000 units were produced. The 1401 was withdrawn on February 8, 1971.

The 1401 was operated as an independent system, in conjunction with IBM punched card equipment, or as auxiliary equipment to IBM 700 or 7000 series systems.

Commonly used by small businesses as their primary data processing machines...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_1401
https://www.ranlevi.com/2019/07/08/hatshova-ep18/

Ниже есть продолжение.

When the LOAD button on the 1402 Card Read-Punch was pressed, a card was read into memory locations 001-080, a word mark was set in location 001, the word marks in locations 002-080 were cleared, and execution started with the instruction at location 001. That was always the dyadic Set Word Mark (it was the only instruction not requiring a following word mark) to set word marks for the two following instructions. Execution of instructions in the card deck continued, loading the program into memory, setting word marks, and then branching to the program's start address.

One-card programs could be written for various tasks. Commonly available were a one-card program to print the deck of cards following it, and another to duplicate a deck to the card punch. From Tom Van Vleck's web site here is a one-card program which will print "HELLO WORLD". Pressing LOAD (above) begins execution at location 001 (the first ",").

,008015,022029,036043,050054,055062,063065,069080/333/M0792502F1.065HELLO WORLD

The program is:

* Set word marks (opcode "," operands 008 015)
* Set more word marks
* Clear storage - part of the print area 333-300 (opcode "/" operand 333)
* Clear storage - the rest of the print area 299-200 (opcode "/" using a chained address)
* Move "HELLO WORLD" to the print area (opcode "M", operands 079 and 250)
* Print a line (opcode "2")
* Eject the page in the printer (opcode "F" modifier "1")
* Halt (opcode "." operand 065 - a branch address, to this same halt command, if start is pressed)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_1401

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